Improvement in locks



UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS LILLIE, OF TROY, vNEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT lN-LocKs.'

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 49,282, dated August 8, 1,865.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEWIS LILLIE, of Troy, in the county of Rensselaer and State of New `York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements on Combination Dial-Locks for Bank, Vault, Safe, or other Doors, which I denominate an Anti-Micrometer Combination- Lock 5 and Idoherebydeclare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed drawy ings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming a part of this specification.

Like letters represent and refer to' like or corresponding parts.

Figure lis a side elevation of the lock, showing the bolt on a center, orabout half shut, or

f thrown out toward a locked or fixed position.

The red lines show the position of the operating parts when the bolt is fully thrown for- I Ward and out in a locked or fixed position.` 'n Fig.2isavertical cross-section taken through the center of the operatingbolt G and arm S of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the lock, showing the bolt-stops removed. Fig. 4

is a view ofthe front ot' the lock, showing the dial and its case or cup. Fig. 5 is a section and inside view of one of the combinationwheels, with the cover of the rim removed in order to show the internal construction of the outer rim of the wheels and its connection, by means ofthe gripers, with the inner combination or set wheels. Fig. 6 is a cross-section through the center of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a view of the cap for cover of the wheel or cylinder shown at Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a vertical-sectional view taken through the center of the lock-barrel, dialfshaft, and bolt-driver, hereinafter described. Fig. 9 is the cap-plate which holds the wheels or cylinders in their required places.

' Fig. 1() is the friction-washer separating the wheels one from the other. y

The nature of my invention consists in the employmentand combination ofset-wheels with the inner rim or surface of' outer wheel, with gripers so constructed and operated that by means of springs will have a firm and continned hold on the peripheries of the setwheels,

securely holding them in any adjusted position in which they may be set, arranged, or combined, substantially in the manner and for the purposes as hereinafter fully described and setforth j It also consists in combining with alifterslide and combination-wheels a seltacting latch, in the lower end of which is a sexangnlar slot, while` projecting within said slotis a pin fixed to the lifter-slide, and the stop-pin operating within saidslot efectually "prevents 1 the discovery of any` means or manner to ascertain the number or divisions of the dial` plate and fractional parts thereof on which the l lock is set, Vor to discover and bring within receiving range of the lip-proiection of said latch the slots or notches in the exterior edge of the -combination wheels or cylinders, thereby permitting the lifter-slide to raise any or a sufficientpheight to lift the bolt-stops and allow 1 the driver to revolve so that thebolt may be i withdrawn, each part of which is constructed, arranged, and combined substantially as and l Ifor the purpose hereinafter morefnlly described `f and set forth. e

It also consists in the employment and combination of bolt stops or catches with thelifter-slide, lock-bolt, and self-acting latch, and combinationwheels, in the manner and for the purposes substantially as hereinafter set forth.

It also consists in the construction and em l ployment ofthe lock-barrel, dial-shaft, and boltdriver, in the manner substantially as herein described and set forth, so that the same can l neither be driven in, nor the center shaft pulled ont, thereby preventing the forcing of the lock t in and from the door when used from the out side thereof, or destroying the lock by the in sertion of powder.

To enable others skilled in the art to'which f my said invention and improvements relate, I will here proceed to describe the construction and operation of the same, which is as follows, l

to wit:

A is the lock-case. V B is the bolt, and is kept in operative position by means of a slot and guide-post, as l shown at g,"Figs`. l and 3. l

C, Figs. 1 and 3, is a vertical moving bar or slide, by which the latch bolts or levers N and I A, also the vertical lever H, having at or near its lower end a sexangular mortise, are operated in the mannerandfor the purposes substantially as hereinafter more fully described.

This lifting slide or bar C has anopening in its center, at the upper part thereof,` as shown 'ate in Figs. 1 and 3,so as to move'freely by t the connecting-piece E', Fig. 2, to which the lifter Eandr4 lifting-slide Gare attached and firmly secured by any convenient means, and seen at Fig. 2. This lifting-slide C is held in its proper place by means of the check-pieces d d at the lower part thereof, and bythe guidescrew operating in the slot @,aud shown by dotted lines at Fig. 1, at the same time permitting free movement during the operation of said lifting-slide C, while securelyholding it in operative position. E is the lifting device, securely, fastened lto the connecting bar or pieceE, Fig. 2, by means of screw-bolts, or by any substantial means.

F F F are combination-Wheels, arranged in a vseries of from three to sixand rotating on the y'inner end of' th e conical harreLD, ,as Scenat T AtFigs. 5 andwill bewseen thein-V ,ternal construction andarrangement ofthe Fig 2.

cnonibinationWheels, the internal construction fof each ofthe wheels oftheseriesA being sub- ;:stan'tially the` same. The'riins of the'combina- ,tiongwheelsdare constructed with suitable re-n ce ses to contain the gripers fi iscrewedin @Pitie'n biipiusji ,llthware ,'sprin gs for actingI upon -the gripers, `coni/Atructed and arranged substantially'as am a ng; 5-

iitis n'otchlor slot made in therilnof Vthe ginafterdescribed,and setforth.

`b is aset-holefor passingl the set-wi re through' and between thegripersi i.

L is a set-wheel, and rotates'in a groove 4formed in the rim m ofthe wheel F, inthe man- ,neras shown in section at Fig. 6. This setywbeelfhas,a'smoothiperipheryL In the face of Ithe conical barrel D the `cap vz, Figs. l, 2, 3, y

and 9.

H, `Figs. 1 andr3, is a selt'factingbar or lever, (oritm` ay be denominated an anti-micrometer latch7) operatingon a post in .the lock-case, and is provided with a slot, o, at or near its lower end, having a part of one of its sides formed to act as an inclined plane or wedge, and that portionofits opposite sideformed with a sho ul- 'der,'fw,`in themanner as shown in Figs. l and 3. Fixed to the said lifter-slide C, and operating within this slot o, is a triangular pinor point, t, Figs. l and 3, which is for the purpose lofcoutrolling the operation of the latch or lever H,

as hereinafter described. y is a spring for actuating or yo/peratin g the said latch or lever H and retaining the sa me in its required place or position. R and N arebolt-stops for holding the bolt B, and immediately operatin g on pins or `as seen at Fig. 1.

v,Combination-wheels Ffor the. purposes here-- projections which are fixed to the lockcase, as seen at q and-q2, Figs. l and 3. The said stops are operated by means of the said lifter-slide C,

the latter having a post or pin extending there bolt stops Rand N being lifted from said lock- W bolt B. 'i

The operation ofthe an ti-micrometer latch H is as follows, to wit: When the lock-bolt B is fully thrown the working parts ot the lock take the position as shown by the dotted lines in red, The slots 0r notchesic in the edge ofthe said combination-wheels FF F .are now turned away from each other, and any effort to ascertain, by means of a micrometer, or byrfriction,`or by sound, the number or d1- visions or fractional parts of said divisions on nwhich the lockmay be ser, and thus discover and bring within receiving range of the lip c ot' the latch H the slots Vlo in'the said combination-wheels, Figs. land 3, so as to permit the bolt to be withdrawn, is effectually prevented by means ofthe stop-pin t, Figs. 1 and 3, always striking against the shoulder w, andthe said pin notvarying in the distance which it rises 4and fallsrthe index-hands of the micrometer can show no change of position ot the Hwheels that can lead to a discovery of their correct position, and the combination necessary to be made before the anti-micrometer latch vH can be thrown forward by the spring y, Figs. 1 and 3, so as to allow the stop-pin t to rise in the upper partot said sexangular slot fv, Figs. l and 3, and past the shoulder win the saidslot, and at the same time allowing thebolt-driver vs to revolve, vthereby raising the said lifter-slide C, which, of course, would lift or raise thesaid bolt-stops R `and N, as aforesaid, atthe same time withdrawing the said lock-bolt B.

Theoperations of said latch H and triangullar post-pin t, Figs. l and 3, are such as to give a movement at right angles to said lever, as

shown by arrows in red, and pointing upward, as in Figs. l and 3, from the said combinationwheels F F F, which operation and movement being obtained always at the same point, the said wheels appear to be a perfect unbroken circle at that time when the combination is disarranged, notwithstandingthe slot 7c, or any irregularities of the outer peripheries of the said combination-wheels, in any attempt to measure the variations ot' said wheels with the micrometer, also preventing any movement of the lock-bolt B by the bolt-driver s when the said bolt-stops R and N are entirei y removed,

as shown in Fig. 3.

G is the center or dial shaft, to the outside end of which is fastened by any substantial means, as seen at o, Figs. 2 and 8, the dial o', Figs. 2 and 8, and on the inner end of said shaftA the 'bolt-driver s, Figs. 1,2, 3,;and8, is. firmly-fastened. In `oneendofthe said'bolt-` nut, a', screwed on `the inner end, as seen at` Figs. 2 and 8. The bearin g of said center and the manner of fastening the dial o and boltdriver s are fully shown in section zat Figs. 2-

and 8. The said centrr or dial shaft, G, has

`a certain amount of end-play necessary to the working of the lock. The dial-face o is grad`` uated into numbers and divisions, as seen at Fig. 4. The operator can use any of said num bers or fractional parts thereofin makin g up the 'combination on which h e proposes to operate the lock, without limit as to the divisions `marked or indicatedon the said dial. The face edge of the `said dial-cup J has an index marked on it, to which the known numbers or divisions on the dial-face are always turned or brought in the manner hereinafter fully described and set forth. The said lock is set to any whole numbers, or to the fractional parts of the numbers, on the said dial in the following manner, to wit: First turn to the known combination on which the lock is set, then insert the setwire into the set-hole b, Figs. l, 2, and 3, in the back ofthe lock-case, pressing it through the said set-holes in the rim m, Fig. 6, of the combination-wheels and between the said gripers it', thus and thereby releasing their hold on the peripheries of the set-wheels L and allowing them to be turned around in the aforesaid groove in the rim m, as shown at Fig. 6, they being turned or moved by means ot' the said shaft Gr and bolt-driver s, and by the said post 1' in the bolt-driver s, as aforesaid, catchiugin the said hole n, Fig. 2, in the set-wheels L rotates the set-wheel, which, acting upon the other set-wheels ofthe series by means of the catchpins o, so constructed and arranged that all of the set-wheels may be turned forward together. The said outer or combination wheels, F F F, are held steadilyin position by the set-wire passing through them, and at the same time so that the notches la in the rim of the said combination-wheels are in range with the lip c of thesaid latch H. The said dial being pulled out flush with the edge of the said cup J, Figs. 2 and 8, and then turn the dial to the right, bring the figure 10 twice to the index-marks ou the cup; then turn to the left, bring 17 twice to the mark; again turn to the right and bring 35% to the mark once; then withdraw the set wire from the said combination-wheels, and the combination made'is 10, 17, 35.1.3. The bolt is then thrown by disengagin g the said bolt-driver s from the said set-wheels and pushing it back into the lock and turning the dial to the right, causing the bolt-driver to act on the lifter-plate E, as seen at Figs. 1 and 3, and into the notch a in thelock-fboltB, as seen at Figs. land 3,

which action causes the said lifter-slide G to release the said latch H, and allowing the said latch to be'thrown forward byjmeansiof the, spring y, the said lip c, Figs. 1 and3, todpass into the said notch k inthe saidcombinationwheels. The said slide C willraise the stop-` pin t in the slot v past the corner zopas shown` in Fig. 1. The aforesaid connecting post or pins will raise the said bolt-stops R and N and the said lock -bolt may then be thrownback or forward by turningthe dalzto the right to lock and to the left to unlock, after which the spring f, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, acts on the said lifter-slide O so asto brin git and the said latch H and bolt-stops Pt and N intotheir former position. The said dial being now brought'outor forward a gain, the said combination is mixed byl moving or revolving the said dial to the right.` When the lock `is to be operated, turn to tlie known numbers that the said .combinationwheels are set, as aforesaid described inthe operation of setting the lock, `thnsbringing the notches kin the said combination-wheels Vwithin receiving range of the said lip` c ofthe said 'latch H, when the lockbolt B may be oper`- ated by means of the aforesaid` boltdriver s. The spring j', Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is so arranged as to operate upon the said connecting-piece E', and is for the purpose of bringing the saidlifting-slide G and all other devices connected or combined therewith totheir proper places af ter the operation ot' the said lockbolt B has been performed. The said spring y, Figs. l

and 3, also facilitates the successfuloperation Y of the said devices of which said lock is composed by its effect upon the said anti-microm` eter latch H, always keeping it in its proper place so as to be worked by the said trian-` guiar pin t, Figs. 1 and 3. The said leverlatches H and N are disconnected from the said lock-boltB just before the movement of" said lock-bolt commences.

D is a barrel through which the said central` -or dial shaft, G, passes from the said dial o' to the said device 8, by which the said `lock-.1

bolt B and said lifting-slide C, withthe plate E thereto firmly attached, as aforesaid, is oper i ated. The said barrel I) passes into and through the entire thickness of the door to which the4 tapering for the purpose of preventing the f drawing or forcing the same inward, so asito remove said lock from the door, and thereby effect an opening into the interior of the safe or vault, where said lock `may be used. The said cup J is for the purpose of preventing the insertingofany tool orinstrumentnsed byburglars back ofthe said dial o', and thereby force the same off from the safe or door AWhere used.

The said barrel B may be of any desirable sizeV the set-wheel L, the whole being constructed and arranged in the manner and for the pur-- poses substantially as herein described and set forth.

2. The anti-micrometer vor vertical latch H, actuated by means ofthe springl y and by the triangular post or pin t, in combination with the lifting-slide C, each being constructed and arranged in the manner substantially as and for the purposes herein described and set forth.

3. The employment of the triangular post or pin t, in combination with the sexangular slot 1J in the anti-micrometer latch H, in the manner andfor thepurposes substantially as herein described and set forth.

4. The employment of' the lock-'bolt stops R and N, in combination with the lifter slide C, and with the loek-bo1tB,each being constructed vand arranged in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein described and set forth.

5. The employment of the bolt driver s, h'r'mly fastened to the inner end of the 'central shaft, G, in combination with the lock-bolt B, and with the lifting-piece E, securely fastened to the cross-piece E of the lifting-slide C, in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein described and set forth.

6. The combina-tion of the conical barrel D with the central shaft, G, and With the combination- Wheels F, in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein described and set forth.

In testimony whereof I have, on this 20th day of May, A. D. 1865, hereunto set my hand.

LEWIS LILLIE.'

Witnesses:

CHARLES D. KELLUM, MARCUS P. NORTON. 

